1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1.OVERVIEW OF NIGERIA
With a inhabitants of over 120 million individuals, Nigeria represents a really viable enterprise alternative for funding into the telecommunication market. The market potential is big with free entry for brand spanking new buyers in just about all of the undertakings of the sector. Furthermore, enterprise dangers and funding hurdles are minimal.
At the moment, the telecommunications trade is having fun with a main focus in Nigeria. Facilitated by a variety of things such because the deregulation coverage, data know-how, potential of the Nigerian market and worldwide development of speedy growth in telecommunications; the trade guarantees to be the quickest rising sectors of the Nigerian economic system (IBP, 2009).
1.2. MAJOR MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION PROVIDERS IN NIGERIA
Nigeria has overtaken South Africa to emerge because the continent’s largest cellular market with greater than 85 million subscribers (Minges, 2004). The availability of telecommunication providers in Nigeria has been the protect of public sector monopolies resembling NITEL (Nigeria telecommunication). In latest occasions, the Nigerian authorities has licensed personal telecommunication industries the permission to offer telecommunication providers, which caused super financial development in Nigeria. The main cellular service and answer suppliers dominating in Nigeria’s quick paced rising cellular market embrace Etisalat, Airtel Nigeria, MTN Nigeria, Visafone Nigeria and Globacom Nigeria Restricted (IBP, 2009).
1.2.1. ETISALAT NIGERIA
Etisalat has been main in telecommunication providers within the United Arab Emirates since 1976, and has established itself as an progressive and dependable cellular service operator (Ndukwe, 2008). It was the primary telecom operator to introduce Cell phone serves within the Center East within the 12 months 1982. Since then, Etisalat has established itself as a regional pioneer in varied services together with the MMS and 3G (Ndukwe, 2008).
This complete telecommunication supplier presents fixed-line voice and information providers to People, Web Service suppliers, enterprises, content material suppliers and cellular operators (Ndukwe, 2008). It presents quite a lot of hi-tech complimentary providers to the telecommunication trade together with voice and information transit, SIM card manufacturing, managerial and technical coaching, clearing home providers, cost options, and land cable and submarine providers (Ndukwe, 2008).
Etisalat Nigeria was duly included underneath the legal guidelines of Nigerian authorities in partnership with Etisalat of the UAE and Mubadala growth firm (Ndukwe, 2008). In January 2007, this telecommunication supplier acquired the Unified Entry Licence together with the cellular license and spectrum within the GSM 900 and 1800 MHZ bands (Ndukwe, 2008). Its full industrial operations in Nigeria started in October 2008.
Ever since, Etisalat has taken a management place of innovation and reliability among the many worldwide and regional operators and has constructed an up state-of-the-art telecom infrastructure in its a few years of operations in Nigeria (IBP, 2009). Etisalat has invested closely within the economic system of Nigeria and its human sources. Since its inception in Nigeria, the telecommunication supplier has developed varied expertise acquisition and growth applications to allow its employees to supply excellent providers to the individuals of Nigeria. It has a market worth of roughly 23 billion dollars and annual income of over eight.5 billion (IBP, 2009).
At the moment, it’s on the verge of being listed among the many high operators on the earth, with operations in additional than 18 international locations throughout the Center East, Asia and Africa. Etisalat is broadly identified for its GSM merchandise and serves an growing subscriber base of over 110 million individuals in Africa, Asia and Center East. At the moment, this progressive supplier has distinctive merchandise and prepositions such because the Straightforward Web, Straightforward Starter, Straightforward life and Straightforward Cliq within the populous market of Nigeria (IBP, 2009).
Etisalat’s energy could be attributed to its core technique of acknowledging and understanding its clients. Moreover, this telecom supplier is dedicated to taking its place amongst main company residents in Nigeria by making a large affect and sustainable social investments. Etisalat Nigeria believes that moreover a stable platform of technological innovation, sustainable funding is important for the expansion and financial stability in Nigeria. The primary imaginative and prescient of Etisalat Nigeria is to make sure a world during which know-how extends individuals’s attain. This telecom service supplier is ready to notice its imaginative and prescient by actively growing superior networks and nurturing the power and dynamism wanted to attain this objective.
1.2.2. AIRTEL NIGERIA
The Airtel Firm is a restricted legal responsibility firm that gives telecommunication providers to the rising cellular market in Nigeria. Its core areas are centered on GSM cellphones, SAGEM Dect & Fax merchandise, Digital Airtime distribution, and Community administration (Ndukwe, 2008). Apart from its international model, Airtel is among the many high three GSM suppliers in Nigeria and has one of many highest and most worthwhile telecom markets in Africa. Airtel Nigeria equally values its clients, which is obvious in its imaginative and prescient of changing into globally admired for telecom providers that delight the purchasers. The corporate is ready to notice its imaginative and prescient by assembly the wants of the purchasers primarily based on its information and a deeper understanding of the ambitions of its clients.
1.2.Three. MTN NIGERIA
MTN is the main cellular telephony firm in Africa. It obtained a digital cellular license in Nigeria in 2001 (Ndukwe & Ernest, 2004). This telecom service and enterprise answer supplier operates in 9 African international locations and conducts its cellular operations by way of Three enterprise items particularly: MTN worldwide, MTN South Africa and Strategic Investments (Ndukwe & Ernest, 2004). At the moment, the corporate serves 35 cities and greater than 80 villages, communities and cities, in addition to various highways in Nigeria.
Its microwave radio transmission, although underneath building, ps over 3000 kilometers and traverses greater than 120 cities and villages in Nigeria (Ndukwe & Ernest, 2004). As soon as full, the community will considerably enhance MTN name protection and high quality. MTN focuses on growing its operations to extra African international locations, and that is being achieved by forming robust alliances with the native operators. The group has additionally adopted a customer-focused technique in its market operations to enhance its buyer providers.
1.2.four.VISAFONE NIGERIA
That is the 4th largest cellular operator and Nokia pioneer within the cellular telecommunications (Tella, 2007). It’s one in every of Nigeria’s CDMA operators and presents all kinds of providers and merchandise together with Visa Web, Visa Chill, Visa Revenue and Visa Name Looking (Tella, 2007). Visafone efficiently partnered with Nokia in 2009 to spur development of the telecommunication trade in Nigeria. This partnership is predicted to assist Visafone lengthen its management within the CDMA subsector (IBP, 2009). The corporate continues to concentrate on its Three-pronged enterprise mannequin of accelerating its community protection; delivering world-class service and offering wonderful voice readability in its cellular operations.
1.2.5.GLOBACOM NIGERIA LIMITED
Globacom Nigeria, an indigenous and personal restricted legal responsibility firm is likely one of the largest suppliers of cellular telecommunication providers in Nigeria. In keeping with Minges (2004), Globacom Nigeria was launched in Nigeria in 2003, with over 25 million cellular subscribers, with the flexibility to comprehend the dream of being Nigeria’s main service supplier.
It’s the first sole firm that constructed an $800 million excessive capability fibre optic cable known as the GLO-1 (IBP, 2009). Gobacom Nigeria Ltd can also be the primary profitable submarine cable to Nigeria from the UK and has the potential to considerably scale back the prices of telecommunication and supply extra bandwidth to a number of different international locations related to the cable (IBP, 2009).
Globacom Restricted was established to offer environment friendly telecommunication providers to all a part of the federation and to additionally hyperlink Nigeria with different international locations on the earth, particularly those who maintained robust financial and political relations with Nigeria (Minges, 2004). The introduction and institution of Globacom Nigeria Restricted in Nigeria has led to an outstanding enchancment within the service supply and cellular subscription and in the end the general penetration of cellular telecommunication to the distant sectors of the nation.
1.Three. JUSTIFICATION FOR USING ETISALAT NIGERIA AS THE CASE STUDY IN THIS ANALYSIS
Etisalat Nigeria is presently the biggest supplier of telecommunication providers in Center East and Africa, serving an ever-increasing subscriber base of 110 million individuals throughout Africa, Center East and Asia and with over 7 million subscribers in Nigeria (Meadon, 2011). The corporate intends to leverage its community infrastructure to permit cellular service suppliers to supply providers to their shoppers. Just lately the corporate acquired a 3G license to boosts its cellular broadband expertise in Nigeria. With 3G, Etisalat is ready to develop its information and cellular broadband portfolio and provide its clients even increased ranges of service.
Moreover, in a renewed two 12 months contract with Alcatel Lucent, the corporate lately outsourced its daily operations and upkeep with a purpose to concentrate on the core enterprise points resembling growing common income per person (ARPU) and guaranteeing elevated community high quality and affordability (Meadon, 2011). These adjustments current with it a novel alternative for inspecting the significance of undertaking administration within the supply of infrastructure initiatives within the firm. In managing Etisalat Nigeria’s community infrastructure within the supply of connectivity options to shoppers, the significance of undertaking administration can’t be sidelined.
1.four. RATIONALE OF THE STUDY
The telecommunication sector in Nigeria has skilled a significant strategy of transformation when it comes to its development, market construction and technological content material within the final decade because of the main coverage reforms launched by the federal government (Tella, 2007). It must be famous that the impetus of those adjustments is more likely to proceed and at a a lot quicker tempo. Such adjustments inform the crucial want for the speedy adoption of undertaking administration methodology in Nigeria because the telecommunication environments develop extra advanced and worldwide.
Pushed by unrelenting market and technological forces, the telecommunication sector of Nigeria has turn into one of many world’s most dynamic sectors (Noll & Roger, 2000). In response to the quick paced aggressive enterprise setting and the necessity to overcome persistent shortfalls in telecommunication funding and efficiency, cellular service suppliers and distributors need to stress on operational excellence the place the procedures and processes help and increase the enterprise choices within the telecommunication sector.
Subsequently, taking into consideration the above, the crucial position performed by undertaking administration in streamlining and enhancing enterprise course of and the general effectivity of the cellular telecommunication sector in Nigeria can’t be sidelined. This dissertation thus seeks to look at the affect of undertaking administration within the cellular telecommunication trade in Nigeria. Particularly, how undertaking administration strategies and strategies can be utilized by the cellular firms to optimize on their cellular infrastructure and enhance their general effectivity. The research additional proposes a framework that’s beneficially adaptable to Etisalat Nigeria.
1.5. SUMMARY OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Within the trendy world, undertaking administration started within the early 1960’s, but its roots are within the latter years of the 19th century (Adams, 2003). The crucial want for undertaking administration was pushed by the conclusion of the advantages of organizing work and the crucial want to speak and co-ordinate duties throughout varied departments and professions (Adams, 2003).
The core values of undertaking administration have allowed companies in all sectors particularly within the cellular telecommunication sector to significantly improve their competitiveness (Stratopolous, 2005). The use undertaking administration has enabled cellular telecommunication firms to advance in productiveness, worth and customer support and therefore comparable advantages have been famous. Many firms within the cellular telecommunication sector are in a position to attain appreciable financial savings by way of optimizing their primary infrastructure by use of Undertaking administration.
The perfect factor about introducing Undertaking administration is that it normally requires enchancment in administration strategies and methods, and leveraging the capital invested in instruments that the organizations already owns. As soon as Undertaking administration offers a workable plan to optimize on infrastructure initiatives, managers can then concentrate on particular person enterprise items to grasp their enterprise necessities and use Undertaking administration because the software to align these wants (Stratopolous, 2005).
1.6. RESEARCH PURPOSE & OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this analysis is twofold: firstly, to review the significance of undertaking administration in cellular telecommunication trade in Nigeria, an in-depth case research of Etisalat Nigeria. Secondly, to look at to what extent have Etisalat Nigeria Restricted utilized undertaking administration of their supply of infrastructure initiatives. The first objective is to look at and analyse undertaking administration inside the context of the cellular telecommunication trade in Nigeria. In consequence, the next are the analysis goals:
Outline undertaking administration and describe the varied advantages to Etisalat Nigeria.
Study to what extent has undertaking administration been utilized within the supply of cellular infrastructure initiatives in Etisalat Nigeria.
To deduce the correlation between Undertaking administration and organizational efficiency.
1.7. PLAN OF THE STUDY:
1.7.1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
This part offers a quick overview of Nigeria’s telecommunication trade and a exact description of the key gamers in Cellular telecommunication trade in Nigeria. They embrace: Globacom Nigeria Restricted, Airtel Nigeria, Visafone Nigeria, Tisalat and MTN Nigeria. The chapter additionally supplies the justification for the choosing Etisalat Nigeria because the case research. A short historical past on undertaking administration, its significance within the cellular telecommunication trade and the analysis objective and goals has additionally been described on this part.
1.7.2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
The chapter begins with an introduction to literature on undertaking administration inside the cellular telecommunication trade. This part expatriates on current literature by reviewing prior research on undertaking administration within the cellular telecommunication trade. Aligning with overview of early research on undertaking administration, the part outlines various undertaking administration strategies that are central to all different constituents of actualization. They embrace the Essential Path Technique (CPC), Grant Progress Chart (GPC), and Programme Analysis and Assessment Method (PERT).
Furthermore, the chapter; examines the undertaking administration methodologies and their affect on efficient undertaking administration inside the cellular telecommunication sector, on the subject of Etisalat Nigeria. Consequently, a abstract of the key challenges going through the telecommunication trade in Nigeria and an instance of undertaking administration of a typical telecommunication community has been described on this part. Lastly, the chapter concludes by posing analysis questions on the subject of Etisalat Nigeria.
1.7.Three. CHAPTER Three: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter of the report outlines the analysis methodology utilized in gathering the info together with the analysis technique adopted, justification for the actual analysis technique employed, interviews, questionnaire growth, information evaluation, moral concerns and a quick define of the analysis limitations encountered in the course of the research.
By means of broad overview, the gathering of information was centered on the semi-structured interviewing of three undertaking managers of Etisalat Nigeria and administration of 10 questionnaires tailor-made in direction of addressing the significance of undertaking administration within the supply of infrastructure initiatives inside the cellular telecommunication firm. This part types an essential piece of this evaluation because it describes the general methodology utilized in gathering the related data crucial for the completion of this dissertation.
Additional chapters would come with the outcomes chapter, whereby the outcomes from the quantitative and qualitative interviews could be described and listed. The dialogue chapter would search to match the findings from the quantitative and qualitative research to current literature, in a bit to perform the analysis goals. The conclusion chapter concludes.
2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE
An enormous paradigm shift happens in making an attempt occasions as cellular service suppliers and distributors in Nigeria start to acknowledge the need of what undertaking administration incorporation can play of their companies. Undertaking administration is famous by way of analysis that almost 40% enterprise managers assume that undertaking administration is able to bringing dynamic adjustments of their operational capability (Hatchuel, Masson & Weill, 2002). One of the important functions of undertaking administration within the cellular telecommunication sector is that undertaking administration allows environment friendly use of sources and this based on most managers is the one of many essential causes for operational excellence.
The exceptional enhance within the cellular telecommunication firms in Nigeria has generated a variety of analysis curiosity within the final decade. Nonetheless, the majority of analysis has centered on the expansion and growth sector. A overwhelming majority of those research examines the implementation of reforms and likewise addresses why authorities has opted for such reforms. While these research could also be helpful guides to coverage makers, they’re poor as they fail to handle the problems of undertaking planning and administration inside the trade. Only a few research have explored on the significance of undertaking administration within the telecommunication sector, particularly, Nigeria’s telecommunication trade.
2.2. A REVIEW OF EXTANT LITERATURE
Present scientific literature identifies the significance of undertaking portfolio administration in evaluating, deciding on and prioritizing initiatives in keeping with the company methods. In keeping with Schwalbe (2009) Undertaking portfolio administration could be outlined as a approach to which organizations can analyze and collectively handle in a coordinated approach a bunch of initiatives. The first objective is normally to seek out the very best mixture of initiatives to make sure attainment of the company methods and objectives. Undertaking portfolio administration supplies organizations with a structured method to deciding on, evaluating and prioritizing of initiatives.
A overview of current research on undertaking administration, particularly, research by Englund & Graham, (1999) and Gardiner (2005) present initiatives underneath implementation by most organizations having little or no obvious hyperlink to the company methods and objectives. Thus the number of the right combination of initiatives for the portfolio is taken into account essential in reaching the company technique inside restricted capabilities and sources of the organizations.
Most of earlier research reveal that the best units of initiatives for implementation of the company objectives and methods could be achieved by way of profitable number of the undertaking portfolio. Moreover, current literature present that there are a number of instruments and strategies which information organizations within the choice and administration of initiatives. These research have cited potential benefits and drawbacks for every software and method. Usually, organizations hardly ever apply one software however reasonably a set of instruments and strategies.
A research by Dye, Lowell & Pennypacker (2000) claimed that the significance of undertaking administration is well known, however cited the shortage of a transparent and formal undertaking choice and prioritization course of as a hindrance to profitable implementation of initiatives within the cellular telecommunication trade. Many researchers and practitioners have raised their considerations with regard to this concern, and went additional to look and develop a range framework built-in with instruments and strategies. Our preliminary analysis and remark of the cellular telecommunication trade in Nigeria point out that the sector can also be confronted with this enormous problem of the shortage of a undertaking choice framework.
There’s typically extensive divergence of opinions with regard to what constitutes undertaking administration and undertaking success. Undertaking success could be considered and categorized from totally different views. Shenhar et al (1997) measured undertaking success in 4 dimensions: execution, completion of undertaking, supply and evaluation after completion. Sadeh, Dvir & Shenhar (2000) outlined undertaking success as when a undertaking meets the design objectives, and advantages the corporate and the tip person.
A research by Verma (1996) posits that teamwork, communication and management are the important parts of efficient undertaking administration. Crawford (2002) described undertaking success as a notion that undertaking meets the technical efficiency specs therefore leading to a excessive degree of satisfaction with regard to the undertaking outcomes. In keeping with Crawford (2002), undertaking success types an integral part of the undertaking administration. It’s a steadily debated matter inside the telecommunication sector and there typically is an absence of settlement with regard to the factors by which success is judged.
A research by Cleland (1986) means that undertaking success is barely significant if thought-about from two vantage factors: firstly, the diploma to which the undertaking’s technical efficiency goal has been attained on time and inside the funds, and secondly, the contribution of the undertaking on the strategic mission of the group.
In keeping with the Undertaking Administration Institute (2004), undertaking administration entails the applying of expertise, information, instruments and strategies to the undertaking actions with a purpose to meet the necessities of the undertaking. PMI went additional to characterize top quality initiatives as those who make sure the supply of the require services or products inside the timeframe, scope and inside the funds.
Whereas a research by Tinnirello (1999) posited that undertaking administration includes of the information, instruments and strategies for setting a practical scope, controlling necessities, defining duties, creating possible schedules and managing expectations. Equally, a research on undertaking administration by Kerzner (2001) described undertaking success to be the completion of an exercise to the satisfaction of the consumer inside the funds and allotted timeframe. Critiquing these definitions as focusing too strongly on the implementation course of, Morris (2003) argued for an expanded definition that emphasizes on the broader enterprise context and technique in addition to management administration.
From the technique perspective, Lehtonen & Dietrich (2005) steered that the success of a undertaking is in the end judged by way of the achievement of sustainable aggressive benefit. Nonetheless, it’s troublesome to attain the best undertaking portfolio in actuality. Research have recognized the next issues within the number of a undertaking portfolio:
Conflicting goals
Uncertainties related to undertaking parameters, prices and dangers.
Some initiatives are extremely inter-dependent therefore organizations can’t evaluate one undertaking to a different however reasonably comparability is drawn between a set of initiatives to a different set.
It’s thus difficult to establish the suitable undertaking which is able to contribute immensely within the profitable implementation of the company technique. Sharing the identical view, Wheelwright & Clark (1992b) said the significance of a proper set of initiatives within the portfolio of an organization. It’s nevertheless extraordinarily troublesome to judge the rightness of undertaking portfolio in contributing to the company technique as a result of methods are dynamic and so they change over time.
Turner & Muller (2010) studied the affect of undertaking administration management on the profitable implementation of a undertaking. The research recognized the next key expertise and competence crucial for the profitable undertaking administration: flexibility, adaptability, confidence, aggressiveness, persuasiveness, forcefulness, verbal fluency, creativeness, enthusiasm, willingness to dedicate most of his/her time, spontaneity and desire for important initiative amongst others. They concluded that the administration of individuals drives success greater than the technical points.
Regardless of this discovering, it’s hanging to notice that there exists solely a small physique of analysis that examines undertaking administration management. On a research of undertaking management, Cleland (1995) outlined ‘undertaking success’ because the success of a undertaking on account of efficient undertaking management. He additional identified that analysis on management had been restricted regardless of requires extra management analysis within the discipline of undertaking administration. The research concluded that management was essentially the most crucial undertaking administration useful resource. Huemann et al (2007) outlined undertaking administration from the attitude of efficient management as a social system centered on organizational behaviour, communication, human useful resource administration and staff constructing.
With regard to the above, it was noticed that inside the cellular telecommunication sector in Nigeria, undertaking administration is fragmented all through varied divisions within the enterprise trade. This name for robust and staunch Undertaking administration management in order that the investments made could have a substantial affect.
A research by Murray (2001) contributed immensely on this discipline. He described a number of components contributing to the profitable implementation of initiatives. They embrace:
ample undertaking funding,
degree of dedication of senior administration to the undertaking,
goal evaluation of the flexibility and willingness of an organisation to remain inside the undertaking course,
a fastidiously developed complete undertaking plan that includes ample time and suppleness to take care of unexpected difficulties that will come up
a candid and correct reporting of the undertaking standing,
growth of applicable contingency plans which may be employed when the undertaking runs into issues,
Lastly, a crucial evaluation of the dangers inherent within the undertaking, potential hurt related to such dangers and the flexibility to handle them.
2.Three. RISK MANAGEMENT
You will need to observe that the telecommunication trade is topic to many dangers and uncertainty. The method of commissioning a undertaking to completion is advanced, typically bespoke and entails time-consuming design. It thus requires a large number of individuals with numerous expertise and expertise and likewise the co-ordination of a variety of disparate, but interrelated actions. Such complexity is additional compounded by a number of uncontrollable exterior components. The implications of not delivering a undertaking inside the timeframe and based on the predetermined specs could be disastrous to events concerned. Thus, threat administration turns into crucial for profitable implementation of initiatives.
On this regard, Kerzner (2001) extensively explored on the ideas and software of threat administration within the building initiatives. He outlined threat administration because the reaffirmation of the existence of threat with a purpose to guarantee confinement of that exact threat inside the current location. One principle that must be acknowledged is the truth that all dangers are rightfully proprietor’s except assumed or transferred to a different occasion. With a purpose to switch a threat, the receiving occasion should have each the competence and experience to entry the danger pretty.
In a research of undertaking administration within the telecommunication trade, Snowdon (1979) enumerated the salient qualities that have to be possessed by a website agent. They embrace:
Properly-developed management expertise
A superb working information on the administration ideas and suppleness to new concepts
Ample expertise regarding broad primarily based cellular telecommunication know-how
Capability to grasp and consider totally different points of the issue
Having a logical and systematic orderly method to work
Capability to speak successfully
2.four. PROJECT MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
Undertaking administration is central to all different constituents of the actualization equipment. For any undertaking, no matter the kind of undertaking, it’s anticipated that contractors comply with sure undertaking administration strategies. These embrace the Essential Path Technique (CPC), Grant Progress Chart (GPC), and Programme Analysis and Assessment Method (PERT). The Grant Progress Chart is beneficial in consideration initiatives because the constituent actions are usually damaged down into manageable components. The actions and occasions are scheduled inside a time matrix that allows for relationships and comparisons to be labored out.
The CPM, alternatively, entails the scheduling, systematic planning, and management of initiatives. On this regard, Ndiomu (1994), contended, that for the CPM to be helpful within the implementation of initiatives within the cellular telecommunication sector; the character of the undertaking actions have to be particular having particular terminal factors. Ndiomu (1994) argued that the actions should be recognized in an orderly sequence proper from the onset to completion of the undertaking. This situation is especially helpful in fields introducing new merchandise, engineering designs or fields establishing new company buildings.
Using the CPM is nevertheless topic to limitations. The tactic is commonly too advanced to be up to date and consultants contend that, usually, any community drawn up is outdated by altering circumstances. In addressing the deterministic dimension, analysts make use of the Programme Analysis and Assessment Method, which is stochastic. The primary distinction between PERT and the CPM is within the process for figuring out the actions length.
The PERT method makes use of the next system:
te = (to+4tm + tp)/ 6
the place te= Anticipated completion time
to= Optimistic completion time
tp= Pessimistic completion time and
tm=Most Possible completion time
These administration strategies have been developed to facilitate well timed completion of initiatives. As Thompson & Perry (1992) asserted, the longer the length of completion of a undertaking, the extra it’s influenced by inflation. Further capital wanted to finance such initiatives could symbolize a big proportion of the unique outlay. That is even worse in Nigeria the place inflation is so upwardly erratic.
With the above taken into consideration, it may be argued that correct funding in undertaking administration is the one approach to make sure well timed operations, supply of infrastructure initiatives and undertaking success within the cellular telecommunication trade in Nigeria. If infrastructure is optimized, then there exists an opportunity to spend money on sources that transfer from sustaining to established strategic enhancements.
Undertaking administration can be utilized to boost flexibility. Some primary components that contribute in direction of service flexibility are higher buyer care, versatile plans to go well with necessities of various segments of the society. This thus affect and improve efficiency basically. Being part of the worldwide world additionally requires some degree of worldwide expertise and information of the group.
Taking any enterprise to the worldwide degree requires drastic and regular change. This transformation means figuring out dangers, opening up new avenues for the group’s tradition and providing nice possibilities for development and studying by way of undertaking administration. All this calls for lots of planning and applicable management. The position of a undertaking supervisor is essential in such a state of affairs. Nonetheless, globally the eye, whereas deciding on a undertaking supervisor, just isn’t primarily based on mere work expertise, but additionally on the publicity and educational talents of the particular person in a given area.
Given the present financial environment and dynamic adjustments within the enterprise market setting, cellular service suppliers and distributors are compelled to re-examine their enterprise strategies, capabilities and choices by way of undertaking administration. Adjustments in enterprise methods is inevitable within the current world, therefore for cellular service suppliers and distributors to efficiently thrive within the aggressive world, they need to attempt for operational excellence. That is the place undertaking administration steps in, with a purpose to optimize the functioning and guarantee higher efficiency of organizations within the telecommunication sector.
For sure, undertaking administration has turn into extra of a necessity than a alternative in guaranteeing long run enterprise survival within the current international world. The correct use of undertaking administration practices, instruments and strategies for planning, organizing, controlling, main and motivating will improve undertaking success inside the cellular telecommunication industries within the Nigeria and enhance the enterprise processes.
2.5. SUMMARY OF THE CHALLENGES FACING NIGERIA’S TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY
Corporations inside the telecommunication trade in Nigeria are confronted with a quantity challenges together with:
Gradual uptake of recent providers
Market saturation
Financial downturn
Trade deregulation which has resulted into intense competitors and rising buyer expectations
Applied sciences resembling the arrival of the web and broadband have reworked the best way telecommunication firms conduct their processes. Whereas these applied sciences provide new alternatives for development, they require important investments when it comes to infrastructure and licensing
To reach huge rising enterprise setting, these telecommunication firms require options that may assist them enhance effectivity and enhance on their high quality, navigate the deregulation course of, improve their relationships with shoppers and companions, and automate and streamline their enterprise processes. By means of implementation of undertaking administration, firms inside the telecommunication trade in Nigeria, they can optimize their functioning and enhance on the supply of their infrastructure initiatives. Additionally, by way of the usage of threat evaluation and administration, cellular distributors in Nigeria are in a position to establish and exploit new income alternatives.
2.6. SUMMARY OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR
The profitability of the cellular distributors and telecommunications firms in Nigeria hinges on their capability to enhance on operational efficiencies. Profitable undertaking administration would result in higher execution and useful resource optimization. As outlined above, undertaking administration entails systematic planning, scheduling and organizing in order to perform a particular objective. Particularly undertaking administration seeks to:
Outline the goals, objectives and scope
Establish and specify duties
Estimate the undertaking necessities
Preparation of a undertaking plan
Implementation of the plan
Managing crucial paths on the plan
Completion of the undertaking inside the timeframe and underneath the funds.
2.7. PROJECT MANAGEMENT OF A TYPICAL TELECOMS NETWORK
