Posted: September 9th, 2022

IT Networking

IT Networking
The common browsers such as Internet Explorer, Chrome, and Firefox are used to communicate with the webserver. The web servers and web browsers are commonly known as the client-server system. The client-server is used in storing data, for example, in a central location, and the data can easily be shared among several browsers upon the request (Mitchell, 2019). Therefore all the web browsers act like the client that requests the information from the websites or server storage. Several webserver clients can request data from the same website, and therefore, the request can be delivered simultaneously or at different intervals of time. The client-server is designed to request or call data from a given site and can successfully be handled by one server. The robust websites are scaled through distributed computers to accommodate the large requests from the client-server systems. The delivery of the request depends on how closely the server is located to the device. Therefore the research presents the interactions between the web browser and the webserver to deliver the requests.
The web browser, as well as web server, communicates through the Transfer Control Protocol or Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a standard protocol that runs on the TCP/IP that enables the requests and responses on the web browser (Butlin, 2002). The web browser also depends on the Domain Name System (DNS) and the Uniform Resource Locator (URL). The protocols and standards facilitate communication between different web browsers without the use of a special logic. The web browser and server also runs under a series of connected network routers.
Therefore, the process of working on the browser begins when the person specifies or types the URL on the browser. The browser then initiates the TCP connection to the webserver through the IP address as specified in the DNS. The browser then utilizes the DNS lookup request to convert the URL to an IP address. After the server completes the process of acknowledgment of the TCP connection, the web browser delivers the HTTP request to the server to obtain the information required. The server then replies with the page containing the content, and the browser retrieves the information through the use of packets and displays in the required manner. The content can involve the embedded URLs for advertising sites and, therefore, may prompt the browser to issue a new TCP connection. The browser may save the URLs or information in the form of the cookies.
The request browser is in the form of HTTP, and the request has information such as type, name, and the protocol being utilized. The other lines may have information about the browsers and requests (Downey, 2008). The blank line is used in representing the end of the request header. On the other hand, the response data contains the status code, which provides the description of codes and the lines that shows the server as well as the response.
During the process, there are several issues that can go wrong, which might hinder the delivery of the requests. The errors mainly happen due to the functioning of the HTTP (Mitchell, 2019). There is likely to be the issues of redirection, client error, and the server error. The redirection occurs when a given action needs to be completed before the delivery of the request. It can be solved by waiting patiently for some time. The client error indicates the request cannot complete the request, or there is the wrong syntax. The server error may also appear, which indicates that the server did not complete the request. The troubleshooting process can be used in the identification and solving of some of the errors encountered during the process. Troubleshooting can be done by refreshing the web browser after making the necessary changes. The server log details can be checked and the capability of the server to handle the requests. Different troubleshooting processes can be carried out depending on the error from the HTTP. For example, 401 errors, 403, 400, among others, should be considered while solving the problems encountered.
In conclusion, the communication between the browser and the server is implemented when the browser sends the request to the server, and the server sends back the result to the browser. The information delivered by the browser contains the names and the page and the information concerning the browser. On the other hand, the request has details of the page from the server having the information. The exchange of requests and responses is facilitated by the use of DNS, TCP/P, HTTP, and the IP address. Additionally, during the process, errors may be encountered that can be solved by the troubleshooting process. Troubleshooting ensures the completion of the request.

Figure 1 Communication between the web browser and the web server

References
Downey, T. (2008). Web development with Java: using hibernate, JSPs and Servlets. London: Springer.
Mitchell, B. (2019, November 13). How Do Web Browsers and Web Servers Communicate? Retrieved from https://www.lifewire.com/web-browsers-and-web-servers-communicate-817764
Butlin, S. (2002). U.S. Patent Application No. 10/151,190.

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