BAO6714 Research Assignment Sem 1 2018
1
BAO6714 COMPUTERISED ACCOUNTING IN AN ERP ASSIGNMENT
(worth 30% of your overall mark)
Due Dates :
• Assignment dropbox (Turnitin) closes on : See VUC and unit guide
• NO LATE SUBMISSIONS will be allowed.
• No extensions will be given. Please do not ask as this may offend.
• Please start immediately with the assignment and you may submit as many times
as you like from today on VUC
Section A : Assignment Goals
By completing this assignment you will demonstrate your ability to:
General goals
• Locate, analyse and interpret information to solve specific problems;
• Use the information to draw conclusions, make judgements and produce
recommendations;
• Produce a document that is ‘fit for purpose’, i.e., the work is written in a style that
suits the intended audience, is easy to understand, is formatted correctly, and
represents key data and information using appropriate charts, graphs, and/or other
visuals;
• Apply time management skills to meet project milestones, and the assignment
deadline; and,
• Use online resources(drop box – turnitin) to submit assignment report
Specific goals
• Investigate and research from multiple sources :
o A brief historical overview of SAP S/4HANA Finance
o The difference between SAP S/4HANA Finance and current SAP ERP FICO
o The benefits of SAP S/4HANA Finance for businesses
o Case Studies of companies and the issues they faced migrating to SAP S/4HANA
Finance. (Minimum 2)
Section B : What you need to do before attempting the assignment
1. Locate relevant journal articles, books and periodicals to research the areas asked in the
question. See last page for access to library.
2. Provide a written research report/paper in the suggested format focussing on the
question asked.
BAO6714 Research Assignment Sem 1 2018
2
Section C: Assignment Question
“… enterprises are faced with the immediate need to embrace the digital age to
match the new and evolving business models and offer decision makers with
instant insight. “
SAP S/4HANA Finance allows an enterprise to create a consolidated view of all operational
and financial data to offer flexible and easy reporting along with automation of processes. It
also offers real-time analytics, simulations and forecasting with a great user experience.
Benefits of SAP S/4HANA include but is not limited to ‘single source of truth, faster
forecasting and planning, ‘on the fly capacities’, new reporting and analytic support, global
regulatory a compliance abilities across all languages, currencies and industries, faster month
closing, integrated with Fiori etc.
Assignment help – Discuss these statements using case study examples (from literature searches) to demonstrate
the benefits of SAP S/4HANA Finance.
Your paper should include the following areas :
• A brief historical overview of SAP S/4HANA Finance
• The difference between SAP S/4HANA Finance and current SAP ERP FICO
• What are the benefits of SAP S/4HANA Finance for businesses
• Case Studies of companies and the issues they faced migrating to SAP S/4HANA
Finance. (Minimum 2)
Your task is produce a 3000 – 4000 word research paper which discusses the issues
relating to the above. The paper should demonstrate a depth and breadth of reading
and should be appropriately referenced. The paper should be referenced using the
Harvard referencing standards and formatted according to the approved style guide.
Your essay must include:
Cover Page: Use the cover sheet provided. Include the Title, Assignment number,
Student Name and Number and Unit. This should be uploaded separately
Introduction: Introduction to the topic, a statement of the purpose of the report and a
brief description of the report’s structure.
Body: Assignment help – Discuss, compare and/or contrast different perspectives and present
arguments supporting the purpose of the report. Use relevant business
case studies to illustrate key points. All points must be presented with
Harvard citations and have a corresponding entry in your reference list.
Conclusion: A summary of the points you have made in the body of the report. These
should match your stated purpose.
Presentation: You should include a title page that has your name, the title of your
report, your tutorial day and time and your tutor’s name on it. Every
page should feature a footer that includes your name, student ID, and
page number.
BAO6714 Research Assignment Sem 1 2018
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Section C: Important information
1. This assignment must be completed done on an individual basis. NO group assignments
allowed.
2. A diary indicating the day and times spent researching this assignment must be kept and
attached to your final submission whether you do the assignment individually or as a
group.
3. Your report should be submitted to the drop box (Turnitin) via a link on VU Collaborate.
Your originality report should not be more than 10%(Note this is only indicative as I
always check the overlap and at times this could be as much as 30% but you may
not have plagiarised). You may submit via the drop box (turnitin) as many times as
you wish from now until the due date, but also note that turnitin takes 24 hours to
generate an originality report and you will not be able to make any changes or submit
after this time. You must submit your assignment in 2 files only. One file will consist of
your assignment report only which will tested for originality. The other file will be the
assignment declaration form, the diary, and any appendices you wish to add. The second
file will not be tested for originality. All research reports MUST be in word format. The
second file can be in any format.
4. Entries in the reference list should be sorted alphabetically by author and should
conform to the Harvard style. Information on how to prepare a reference list in Harvard
format can be found at:
http://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/harvard
5. You must acknowledge the originator of any intellectual output in work submitted for
academic grading, even if you paraphrase someone else’s work. You must familiarise
yourself with VU’s Academic Honesty and Preventing Plagiarism Policy before
submitting your assignment:
https://policy.vu.edu.au/view.current.php?id=00198
6. Your report length must not exceed 3000 – 4000 words (The word count does not
include diagrams, tables, appendix, abstract and references).
Section D – Submission procedure
Information about drop box (Turnitin) – Please see VU Collaborate for details
Please submit your assignment as single file in the following order :
File 1(word format only) – Your entire assignment, including the abstract, content of your
Assignment including tables, diagrams etc and reference list in
appropriate parts of the report. (Do NOT place tables,
diagrams etc at the end of the report unless it is a large table
etc.)
File 2 – Annexures (eg. Large tables, etc.), Diary of research and Assignment Declaration
form signed.
You can submit as many times as you like until due date.
Section E : Forms
1. Assessment Declaration form – Must be signed
2. Diary of research – at least 5 entries adequately spaced
You will find this form on VU Collaborate or also download a copy from :
https://www.vu.edu.au/sites/default/files/student-forms/pdfs/college-business-assignmentcover-sheet.pdf
BAO6714 Research Assignment Sem 1 2018
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Section F: Grading of your assignment
3. Format of a Diary (Use a separate diary for each day researching.)
________________________________________________________________________
DIARY
Date of Preparation/Research: ______________________________
Time Preparation/Research began: __________________________
Time Preparation/Research ended: __________________________
Location of Preparation/Research: Home/Uni other: ________________________________
Aspects completed
• –
• –
• –
• –
Matters to complete:
BAO6714 Research Assignment Sem 1 2018
5
4. ACCESSING THE LIBRARY DATABASES WHEN RESEARCHING
All students at any campus can access our library databases and access scientific journals and
e-books. You can go to the following link and log in with your student ID and password.
Note do not place a “s” in front of your email.
https://www.vu.edu.au/library
On this page, look for “Search the library” and ensure you search in journals or e-books.
Type in the key words and relevant articles will pop up.
Alternatively you can look for “Find” and click on Databases A to Z and then choose
“business, commerce& economics” for a list of journals.
In order to do your referencing I suggest you obtain a copy of “Endnote” or “Endnote Web”
(for students not in Melbourne):
https://www.vu.edu.au/library/referencing-copyright/referencing-management-toolsHarvard Referencing
All formats
Page 1 of 14
Books & e-books
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Direct Quote
Book: Single Author
Indirect Quote
A student’s aspirations and attitudes
are influenced by ‘the interplay of
class alongside other equally
important factors including for
example, gender, ethnicity, levels of
trust, self-confidence and selfidentification’
(Fuller 2011, p. 162).
OR
Self-identification is one of many
factors that influence a student’s
aspirations (Fuller 2011).
Fuller, C 2011, Sociology, gender and
educational aspirations: girls and their
ambitions, Continuum International,
New York.
Book: 2 or 3 Authors According to Weinberg and Gould
(2011)
OR
… this is evident (Weinberg & Gould
2011)
Weinberg, RS & Gould, D
2011, Foundations of sport and
exercise psychology, Human Kinetics,
Champaign, IL.
Book: More Than 3
Authors
Allen et al. (2011) have found…
OR
Special events are a celebration
(Allen et al. 2011)
Show only the name of the first
author or body, followed by et al.
Allen, J, O’Toole, W, Harris, R &
McDonnell, I 2011, Festival and special
event management, 5th edn, John
Wiley & Sons, Milton, QLD.
Provide the names of all authors in
the reference list.
Book: No Author According to the Style manual for
authors, editors and printers (2002, p.
197)…
When there is no author, the title is
used as the first element in the
reference (Style manual for
authors, editors and printers 2002,
p. 197).
Style manual for authors, editors and
printers 2002, 6th edn, AGPS,
Canberra, ACT.
If no author or editor, the title is
used as the first element of the
reference.
Edition number is placed after the
title (not necessary for first edition).
Book: Editor (ed. Ashwin 2006)
OR
edited by Ashwin (2006)
Ashwin, P (ed.) 2006, Changing higher
education: the development of learning
and teaching, Routledge, London.
When more than one editor, use
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 2 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
(eds.).
Chapter or part of a Book
to which a number of
authors have
contributed
Boud (2006, p. 23) states that ‘selfdirected
learning…’ OR ‘Self-directed
learning is…’ (Boud 2006, p. 23)
In the in-text reference, name the
author of the chapter.
Boud, D 2006, ‘Aren’t we all learnercentred
now?: the bittersweet flavour of
success’, in P Ashwin (ed.), Changing
higher education: the development of
learning and teaching, Routledge,
London, pp. 19–32.
Book: Translator &
Author
(Marklund 2011) Marklund, L 2011, Exposed, trans. N
Smith, Random House, Canada.
Book: Organisation as
Author
(Australian Bureau of Statistics 2011)
Department of Health and Family
Services prepared the guidelines
(DHFS 2007)
Abbreviations can be used for long
organisational names but be
consistent.
Australian Bureau of Statistics
2011, 2011 census dictionary, cat. no.
2901.0, ABS, Canberra.
Department of Health and Family
Services 2007, Youth suicide in
Australia: the National Youth Suicide
Prevention Strategy, AGPS, Canberra.
E-book (Rosen 2011)
OR
Rosen (2011) regards…
Rosen, L 2011, The culture of Islam:
changing aspects of contemporary
Muslim life, University of Chicago
Press, Chicago.
E-books are referenced in the same
way as print books.
Book on eReader (Tsiolkas 2010)
For direct quotations of online
material without pagination, name
the major sections, chapter
section, and paragraph number.
Tsiolkas, C 2010, The slap, eReader
version, accessed 14 September 2011
from Amazon.com.
Multiple works same
author
Marketing requires matching your
customers needs (McDonald & Payne
1996, 2006)
OR
McDonald and Payne (1996, 2006)
state…
McDonald, M & Payne, A
1996, Marketing planning for services,
Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
McDonald, M & Payne, A
2006, Marketing plans for service
businesses: a complete guide, 2nd edn,
Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann,
Oxford.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 3 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Multiple works same
author, same year
The illustrations in Bradford & Coutts
(2015a, 2015b) highlight how bright
colours add to the textual message …
Branford, A & Coutts, L 2015a, The
precious ring, Walker Books Australia,
Newtown, NSW.
Branford, A & Coutts, L 2015b, The
wishing seed, Walker Books Australia,
Newtown, NSW.
Secondary
Sources: When you are
referring to the ideas or
words of an author who
has been referenced in
the book you are
referencing
‘…optimistic, independent yet good at
collaboration’ (Tapscott, cited in ElShamy
2004, p. 25).
Provide names of both authors.
El-Shamy, S 2004, How to design and
deliver training for the new and
emerging generations, Wiley, San
Francisco.
Provide the reference for the book
that you actually read.
Classical Works ‘Remain in me, and I will remain in
you. No branch can bear fruit by itself’
(John 15:4, New International
Version).
William Shakespeare, Romeo and
Juliet, act 3, scene 2, line 74
illustrates the involvement of family…
If you are quoting a verse or extract,
you do not need to provide a
Reference List entry.
If you are referring to a particular
edition for a significant reason,
reference in the same way as a print
book.
Journal Articles
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Direct quote
Journal Article:
Print or Online
Indirect quote
According to Cant (2010, p. 82),
‘undernutrition in hospital patients is
a condition that requires serious
examination’.
OR
Cant (2010) suggests that there is a
need for more research into the
nutritional screening of patients.
Cant, RP 2010, ‘Investing in patients’
nutrition: nutrition risk screening in
hospital’, Australian Journal of Advanced
Nursing, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 81-87.
An article obtained from a Database,
from E-reserve or from VU
Collaborate is referenced in the same
way as a print article.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 4 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Journal Article with two
authors
(Allen & Black 1995)
OR
Allen and Black (1995) have
found…
Allen, MC & Black, R 1995, ‘The future of
instructional designers in
Australia’, Distance Education, vol. 15, no.
2, pp. 16-25.
Journal Article with three
authors
(Allen, Zuboff & Black 1994)
OR
Allen, Zuboff and Black (1994) have
found…
Allen, MC, Zuboff, T & Black, R 1994,
‘Instructional designers in Australia: the
state of play’, Distance Education, vol. 16,
no. 1, pp. 26-34.
Journal Article with more
than three authors
(Allen et al. 1993)
OR
Allen et al. (1993) have found…
Allen, MC, Grant, BA, Zuboff, T & Black,
R 1993, ‘Instructional designers in
Australia: a brief history’, Distance
Education, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 15-17.
Newspaper Articles
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Newspaper: Print (Gordon 2011) Gordon, M 2011, ‘The boat that changed it all’,
The Age, 20 August, p. 18.
Article obtained from a Database, from Ereserve
or from VU Collaborate is
referenced in the same way as a print
article.
Newspaper: From a
Website
(Norton 2011) Norton, A 2011, ‘Why teaching must be rated’,
The Age, 11 October, viewed 13 October
2011,
Newspaper article:
without author
(The Age 24 January 2011, p. 12)
OR
…in The Age (24 January 2011, p.
12)
For newspaper articles where no author is
indicated, provide details of the source in the
in-text reference.
No entry in the reference list is required.
Newspaper article: from
a separately paginated
section
(Wilson 2009) Wilson, J 2009, ‘In defence of the
superficial’, The Age, 26 September, A2, p. 23.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 5 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
The title of the separately paginated section
of the newspaper is indicated before the
page number (separated by a comma).
Media Release (Nutall 2011) Nuttall, N 2011, UNEP study confirms DR
Congo’s potential as environmental
powerhouse but warns of critical
threats, media release, UNEP, viewed 10
October
2011,
Internet / Websites
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Website
Indirect quote
Complementary and conventional
medicine when used together is
known as integrative medicine
(HealthInsite 2011)
HealthInsite 2011, Complementary and alternative
therapies, National Health Call Centre Network,
viewed 14 September 2011,
Webpage: No
Author
(Occupy Melbourne 2011)
Only use the first few words of a
page title if it is too long.
Occupy Melbourne 2011, Beat, viewed 17 October
2011,
Webpage: No Date (Nutrition Australia n.d.) Nutrition Australia n.d., Healthy eating schools,
Nutrition Australia, viewed 17 October 2011,
Use the abbreviation n.d. for “no date”.
Web Document The Department of Human Services
(2001, p.33) found that ‘…’
OR
It has been reported that ‘…’
(Department of Human Services
2001, p.33)
Department of Human Services 2001, Achieving
service quality improvement: best practice
initiatives in placement and support services 2000-
2001, Child Protection and Juvenile Justice
Branch, Community Care Division, Department of
Human Services, Melbourne, viewed 2 September
2010,
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 6 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
… as stated in the Section C – Fire
Resistance of the National
Construction Code Series (Australian
Building Codes Board 2015)…
Australian Building Codes Board 2015, National
Construction Code 2015 Building Code of
Australia Volume One, Australian Building Codes
Board, viewed 22 May 2015,
Blog Post (Wilton 2010) Wilton, P 2010, ‘Proteins prove their metal’, Oxford
Science Blog, weblog post, 7 July, viewed 10
August 2011,
Computer Software (OpenOffice.org 2011) OpenOffice.org 2011, computer software,
downloaded 17 October 2011,
Lecture Notes
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Lecture Notes
Direct quote
‘IIegal or unauthorised access to
information does not leave a theft
record’ (Thomas 2010).
Thomas, B 2010, Security and controls, lecture notes,
Systems Design BCO3144 Victoria University,
delivered 2 September 2010.
Lecture notes obtained from an online source
(such as VU Collaborate or E-reserve) are
referenced as shown in the example above.
Lecture Recording
Indirect quote
Patient ratios were highlighted in
a recent lecture (Ryan 2010)…
Ryan, R 2010, Week 4: Nurse patient relationships &
professional boundaries, lecture recording,
Frameworks for Nursing Practice HNB1101, Victoria
University, delivered 23 March 2010.
Theses
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Thesis:
unpublished
(Suwetwattanakul 2010) Suwetwattanakul, C 2010, ‘Developing a
knowledge sharing model for the implementation of
the learning organization in Thailand’, PhD thesis,
Victoria University, Melbourne.
Title is not italicised for unpublished theses.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 7 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Thesis: published (Binder 2009) Binder, G 2009, Corporate governance in Arab
countries: development of corporate governance in
Arab and MENA countries, University of Vienna,
Vienna.
Thesis:
Online
(Barua 2010)
Barua, S 2010, Drought assessment and
forecasting using a nonlinear aggregated drought
index, PhD thesis, Victoria University, Melbourne,
viewed 12 October
2011,
Legislation
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Acts/Statutes
Section 28 of the Crimes Act 1958
(Vic) states that…
OR
Acts done with intent…(Crimes
Act 2001 (Cth), s.28)
(Sex and Age Discrimination
Legislation Amendment Act 2011
(No. 40)).
Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s.28
Sex and Age Discrimination Legislation Amendment
Act 2011 (No. 40, 2011)
No full stops at the end of the reference for
the Reference List for legislation and cases.
Bills Carbon Tax Plebiscite Bill 2011
(Cth).
Carbon Tax Plebiscite Bill 2011 (Cth)
No Italics.
Cases James Hardie Industries NV v
Australian Securities and
Investments Commission (2010)
274 ALR 85.
James Hardie Industries NV v Australian Securities
and Investments Commission (2010) 274 ALR 85
Conference Proceedings
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Conference Paper:
Online
(Bayne & Ross 2007) Bayne, S & Ross, J 2007, ‘The ‘digital native’ and
‘digital immigrant’: a dangerous opposition’, Annual
Conference of the Society for Research into Higher
Education (SRHE), Brighton, Sussex, 11-13
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 8 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
December 2007, viewed 9 October 2011,
Conference Paper:
Published (Print)
(Buckley 2001) Buckley, R 2001, ‘Presentation on the application of
regulatory and voluntary instruments for sustainable
tourism development in small islands’, Island
tourism in Asia and the Pacific: a report on
WTO/UNEP international conference on
sustainable tourism in the islands of the Asia-Pacific
region, Sanya, Island of Hainan, China, 6-8
December 2000, World Tourism Organization,
Madrid, pp. 46-64.
The techniques for referencing conference
papers are very similar to those used when
referencing a journal article. Put the conference
name in italics.
Conference Paper:
Unpublished
(Olasoji & Draganova 2010) Olasoji, R & Draganova, C 2010, ‘Mobile Learning
Portal for Computing Students’ paper presented at
the IADIS International Conference, Mobile
Learning 2010, Porto, Portugal,19 – 21 March 2010.
For unpublished papers, include the phrase
‘paper presented at…’ before the name of the
conference. You do not need to put the
conference name in italics.
Complete Conference
Proceedings
(WTO & UNEP 2001) World Tourism Organization & United Nations
Environment Programme 2001, Island tourism in
Asia and the Pacific: a report on WTO/UNEP
international conference on sustainable tourism in
the islands of the Asia-Pacific region, Sanya, Island
of Hainan, China, 6-8 December 2000, World
Tourism Organization, Madrid.
This example shows how to deal with
organisations as corporate authors.
The name, place and date of the conference are
italicised because they form part of the title of
the work.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 9 of 14
Personal Communications
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Email An email (JW Ayers 2011,
personal communication, 2
September) confirming that
results are accurate …
You do not need to include an entry in the
reference list.
Interview During an interview conducted on
11 October 2011, Prof Peter
Dawkins stated that …
OR
The Vice Chancellor’s statement
was confirmed during an interview
(P Dawkins 2011, personal
communication, 11 October)
You do not need to include an entry in the
reference list.
This example is about referencing information from
an interview that you have conducted. For
interviews conducted by another person or using
different media, please refer to the page on multimedia
formats in this guide.
Letter In a letter dated 17 October 2011,
Ben Cork stated that…
OR
Ben Cork expressed sincere
regret in his letter (B Cork 2011,
personal communication, 17
October)
You do not need to include an entry in the
reference list.
Telephone call During a phone interview
conducted on 11 October 2011,
Professor Sally Richards stated
that…
OR
The Vice Chancellor’s statement
was confirmed during a phone
interview (S Richards 2011,
personal communication, 11
October)
You do not need to include an entry in the reference
list.
Multi-media materials
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Online Video (Brooklyn, 2015) Brooklyn 2015, online video, Transmission Films, viewed
14 February 2017,
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 10 of 14
Victoria University Library
2017)
Victoria University Library 2017, Ebooks: how to
download an EBook Central e-book, online video,
viewed 16 February 2017,
Online Audio (Coldplay 2008) Coldplay 2008, Viva la vida, online audio, accessed 14
February 2017,
Twitter post … and Tony Abbott (2014)
shared on Twitter: ‘A
momentous, historic day – at
the signing of our Free Trade
Agreement with China’.
Abbott, T 2014, ‘A momentous, historic
day’, TonyAbbottMHR, Twitter, 16 June, viewed 23 June
2014,
Facebook post Victoria University (2014)
posted an announcement in
relation to hosting the
Southern Uni Games in
2016.
Victoria University 2014, ‘The news is out – we’re hosting
the Southern Uni Games in 2016’, Victoria University,
Melbourne Australia, Facebook, 18 June, viewed 23
June 2014,
Blog Post (Wilton 2010) Wilton, P 2010, ‘Proteins prove their metal’, Oxford
Science Blog, weblog post, 7 July, viewed 10 August
2011,
Television
Program
(Grasswell
2011)
Grasswell, H (producer) 2011, The Gavin Larkin story –
Australian Story, television broadcast, Australian
Broadcasting Service, 12 September, viewed 17 October
2011,
Audio Podcast (Duncan 2011) Duncan, M 2011, ‘Abdication’, The History of
Rome, podcast,6 March, accessed 17 October 2011,
Video Podcast …in an ABC Science
podcast Star Stuff (Gary
2010)
Gary, S 2010, ‘Solar max sends journos spinning’, Star
Stuff, podcast,
ABC Science, Sydney, NSW, 1 September, accessed 31
August 2011,
DVD (Bowling for Columbine 2003) Bowling for Columbine 2003, DVD, Umbrella
Entertainment, Melbourne, Vic. Written and directed by
Michael Moore.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 11 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Music Track from
an Album
(Yunupingu 2011) Yunupingu, GG 2011,
‘Gopuru’, on Rrakala, CD, Skinnyfish, Sydney.
Note that the title track is in single quotation marks and
the album title is in italics.
Company Information
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Company
Report
(BHP Billiton
2011)
BHP Billiton 2011, BHP Billiton exploration and
development report for the year ended 30 June 2011,
viewed 20 October 2011
Company
Annual Report
(Mint Global 2011) Bureau van Dijk 2011, Vodafone Group annual report
2011, viewed 5 October 2011, retrieved from Mint Global
database.
Company Profile (Datamonitor 2011) Datamonitor 2011, Apple Inc., company profile, viewed 5
October 2011, retrieved from Business Source Complete.
Financial Data (Datastream 2011) Datastream 2011, S&PASX200 daily index data 2009-
2010, viewed 20 October 2011, retrieved from Datastream
database.
Industry Report (Ibisworld 2011) Ibisworld 2011, Global Logistics – Air Freight – global
industry report, viewed 20 October 2011, retrieved
from IbisWorld database.
Patents and Standards
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Patent (print) (Wynne 2003) Wynne, BM 2003, Shark repellent system, US 6606963.
Patent: Retrieved
from a database
(Oldani 2010) Oldani, MD 2010, Herbal formulations for controlling blood
glucose levels in patients with diabetes, European Patent
EP 2178546 (A1), viewed 17 October 2011, retrieved
from Scopus.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 12 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Standard: Retrieved
from a database
(Standards Australia
2008)
Standards Australia 2008, Personal floatation devices –
General requirements, AS 4758.1-2008, viewed 17
October 2011, retrieved from Australian
Standards Online.
Standard (print) (Standards
Australia/New Zealand
Standard 1994)
Standards Australia 1994, Information processing – text
and office systems – office document architecture (ODA)
and interchange format: part 10: formal specifications,
AS/NZS 3951.10:1994, Standards Australia, NSW.
Encyclopedia entries
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Indirect Quote
Online encyclopedia
– Oxford Reference
Online
Direct Quote
Who’s Who in the Twentieth Century (1999)
says of Aung San Suu Kyi she…
OR
‘Aung San Suu Kyi was deprived of her father’s
guidance by his assassination in 1947’. (Who’s
Who in the Twentieth Century 1999)
Smith, J 1999, ‘Aung San Suu Kyi’,
Who’s Who in the Twentieth Century,
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Where no author is indicated,
provide details of the source in the
in-text reference. No entry in the
reference list is required.
Image/Photograph/Table/Artwork
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Image from a
book
The beautiful Attic Red Figure Cup by
the Cage Painter made in 490 BCE, is
now in the Paris Louvre and depicts a
young man drinking (Lissarrague 2001,
p. 36).
Lissarrague, F 2001, Greek vases: the Athenians
and their images, Riverside Books, New York.
Original
artwork
Jane Sutherland’s masterly depiction
of early morning light at the artist’s
camp in Box Hill was particularly
admired in her painting The Mushroom
Gatherers (1895).
Sutherland, J 1895, The mushroom gatherers, Oil
on canvas, 481×993 mm, Australian Collection,
National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 13 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Image from
Flickr
The blue banded bee, depicted, has a
striking blue and black abdomen
(Sekar 2013).
Sekar, S 2013, Blue banded bee, image, Flickr,
13 February 2017,
Image from a
webpage
Blue banded bees are attracted to the
colour blue, as shown in this image
(Wilson 2014).
Wilson, J 2014, Blue banded bee and salvia,
image, The Planthunter, 13 February 2017,
Original
artwork
When you
have viewed
works in-situ.
The Martinware Pottery factory
produced zoomorphic pottery vessels
from the 1870’s to the First World
War. Owl (Martin 1903) is a good
example of the factory’s whimsical
style.
Note: Below is an example of the
citation of the original work viewed in
a temporary exhibition.
In Wishing Well (Ektoras, 2014)
demonstrates.
Martin, RW 1903, Owl, salt-glazed stoneware,
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, England.
Ektoras, M 2014, Wishing well, Mono-print: Acrylic
on rice paper, Exhibited at: Light & Shade
exhibition, Beth Hulme Gallery & Studio,
Melbourne, 15 May – 6 Jun 2015.
Table or figure
from a book
Selection bias is identified as a threat
to internal validity (Riddick 2015, Table
7.6, p.138).
Note: Include the table or figure
number if available.
Riddick, CC & Russell, RV 2015, Research
methods: how to conduct research in recreation,
parks, sport, and tourism, 3rd edn, Sagamore
Publishing, Urbana, Illinois.
Table or figure
from an online
source
Latest figures show there are 165
public hospitals in Victoria (Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, 2015,
Table 1, p.3).
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
2015, Australia’s hospitals 2013–14 at a glance,
cat. no. HSE 157, AIHW, Canberra, viewed 23
June 2015,
Data
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Dataset (DOI) (Sanciolo et al. 2015) Sanciolo, P, Monis, P, Blackbeard, J, Salveson, A,
Ryan, G, & Gray, SR 2015, Pasteurisation for
production of Class A recycled water: laboratory
scale testing and pilot plan trial data, electronic
dataset, Victoria University Research Repository,
doi: 10.4226/80/579ae0c32baeb.
Harvard Referencing
All formats
Page 14 of 14
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Dataset (URL) (Fluker 2015) Fluker, M 2015, Fluker posts: community based
environmental monitoring, electronic dataset,
Fluker Post Research Project, viewed 7 February
2017,
Case Studies
Material Type In-text example Reference List example
Case Study:
Online
(Business Queensland 2016). Business Queensland 2016, Coastal Cruises
Mooloolaba, case study, viewed 14 February
2017,
Case Study:
Book Chapter
According to Gaff, 2016, p. 147 there
is…
Gaff, L 2016, ‘Coronary heart disease’, case
study, in J Lawrence, P Douglas & J Gandy (ed.),
Dietetic and nutrition case studies, John Wiley &
Sons, Chichester, UK, pp. 146-149.
Case Study:
From a Library
Database
(Gupta, Nicovich & Garrison 2016) Gupta, A Nicovich, S & Garrison, T
2016, Electronic Arts: gambling on the future of
video games, case study, Emerald Emerging
Markets Case Studies.
