Posted: March 27th, 2022
Aspects of Micro-linguistics
Aspects of Micro-linguistics
Introduction
Linguistics is the scientific study of language and it has two main branches which are macro-linguistics and micro-linguistics. Macro-linguistics focusses on broader and larger facets of language. The main branches of macro-linguistic include; sociolinguistics, historical, and computational linguistics. Micro-linguistics, on the other hand, refers to much specific and smaller aspects of language. This paper will discuss the various facets of micro-linguistics and how they are covered in three branches of macro-linguistics.
Sociolinguistics
Sociolinguistics is concerned with the different facets of community such as cultural beliefs, context, and norms on the way the language is used. The two main aspects of micro-linguistics found in sociolinguistics are the register and group variation. Register refers to the way an individual communicates in order to fit in a particular context. The formality registers used in spoken English include casual, intimate, formal, frozen, and consultative register. Group variation or dialects refers to more than one way of speaking a language. Every speaker possesses more than one dialect.
Historical Linguistics
This branch of macro-linguistic studies the history of language and its evolution from time to time. It is concerned with grammatical, semantic and phonological changes, and how different languages relate to each other. The different facets of this branch include syntax, diachronic analysis, etymology, and comparative philology. Etymology is concerned with the history of words, their sources, and how their forms have evolved with time. Comparative philology is concerned with the comparison of different features of language in order to understand how they are related. Syntax is concerned with the present linguistic phenomena.
Computational Linguistics
Computational linguistics is a branch of linguistics in which different methods of computer science are used to improve the language. Artificial intelligence is an important element that is used in synthesizing the language. This macro-linguistic has two major facets which are; computational and corpus linguistics. This branch can be applied in different forms. These forms include; language enabled robots, sentimental analysis, database front-ends, virtual games, and machine translation. Examples of machine translations such as Google translations have been in use for a period of time. In virtual games, language commands are used in passing commands and in selecting the available actions.
Conclusion
The study of different aspects of micro-linguistics helps a linguist to understand the different sources of language and how they are used in different aspects. The incorporation of linguistics and artificial intelligence has helped in interpretation of different language. Linguistics has also been an important element in speech recognition.
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Aspects of Micro-linguistics