Posted: September 2nd, 2022

Adaptive Response

Adaptive Response
The body of a 2-year old normally functions differently from what Jennifer’s body is reacting. First, her temperature of 103.2oF is beyond 98.6oF which is the normal range. The increased body temperature is a normal reaction of the hypothalamus to raise the body temperature to fight an infection (Peetoom et al., 2016). For example, Jennifer could be having a fever, viral infection such as cold or flu. The fever has persisted for three days thus showing it requires medical attention. Additionally, the child has reduced appetite which is blamed on viral or bacterial infection. The body in normal situations produces chemical components that trigger the desire for food. However, during an infection the components are produced in small amounts as the body focuses on fighting the infection (Peetoom et al., 2016). The color of the tympanic membrane has changed from pink to red. The throat is also hurting while trying to swallow food. The changes are critical since the tympanic membrane has changed in color while the throat is hurting. They all indicate the compensatory changes the body has engaged in.
Jack who works with cleaning fluids did not experience any skin irritation until recently he started failing to wear the protective gears. The reaction of the chemicals with the skin has caused major changes including redness and irritation. The redness and irritation is a compensatory reaction to the exposure to chemicals (Corvaro et al., 2017). For example, the reaction of the epidermal cells with the chemicals triggers an autoimmune system to cause some changes. The autoimmune system is responsible for releasing cytokines. The irritation shows there are foreign particles that have been detected by the skin cells (Corvaro et al., 2017). Additionally, the redness shows the blood cannot flow smoothly past the parts of the hands that have been affected. Although Jack denies any discomfort he is feeling unwell since his hands are affected. Jack is also experiencing a flaky skin which shows some parts of the epidermal cells have been affected and thus they are dying. Therefore, the body is reacting to the different components it has been exposed to. The skin does not cause discomfort and thus the pain he is experiencing shows there is a problem that should be addressed.
Martha at 65 years is expressing a number of compensatory changes due to the alterations taking place in her body. At her age, many changes are taking place including the risk of exposure to hypertension (Li, Hua & Li, 2018). Recently, she reported a running heartbeat which is a clear example of the changes taking place. The compensatory changes are due to the structural changes that take place in the arteries such as stiffness among people who are aging. Hypertension is known in the medical world to reduce the appetite and deprive a patient of sleep. Therefore, although Martha has different activities of taking care of her mother during the day she is unable to sleep well. The aging process causes people to experience a hard time sleeping at night (Li, Hua & Li, 2018). Therefore, she should not be surprised that she is unable to eat or sleep well. It is also important to note that hydrochlorothiazide is a drug responsible for lack of sleep during the night. One of the side-effects of the drug is to be deprived of sleep at night. Martha should appreciate the compensatory changes and adjust accordingly.

References
Corvaro, M., Gehen, S., Andrews, K., Chatfield, R., Macleod, F., & Mehta, J. (2017). A retrospective analysis of in vivo eye irritation, skin irritation and skin sensitization studies with agrochemical formulations: setting the scene for development of alternative strategies. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 89, 131-147.
Li, J., Hua, Q., & Li, F. (2018). Chinese Geriatrics Society guideline on managing hypertension in the elderly. Journal of Hypertension, 36, 261.
Peetoom, K. K., Ploum, L. J., Smits, J. J., Halbach, N. S., Dinant, G. J., & Cals, J. W. (2016). Childhood fever in well-child clinics: a focus group study among doctors and nurses. BMC Health Services Research, 16(1), 240.

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