Posted: October 3rd, 2022

Immunization Recommendations

Immunization Recommendations

Barkley, T. W., Jr., & Myers, C. M. (2020). Practice considerations for the adult-gerontology acute care nurse practitioner (3rd ed.). Barkley & Associates.
• Chapter 87, “Guidelines for Health Promotion and Screening”
• Chapter 88, “Major Causes of Mortality in the United States”
• Chapter 89, Immunization Recommendations”

American Academy of Professional Coders. (2020). What is CPT?
https://www.aapc.com/resources/medical-coding/cpt.aspx

American Academy of Professional Coders. (2018). 2018 procedure desk reference.
https://static.aapc.com/aapc/images/booksamples/Sample_2018_PDR_AAPC.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1tmBzS-Ii6RfIG5J-WQmnbisO750wvWAiPWVgLtyQoVk1N0D9izE-H4UA

American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2020a). Multistate reimbursement alliance (MSRA): Enhancing NP support for insurance credentialing, contracting and reimbursement.
https://www.aanp.org/practice/business-practice-management/reimbursement

American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2020b). Practice information by state: What you need to know about NP practice in your state. http://www.aanp.org/legislation-regulation/state-legislation-regulation/state-practice-environment

American Nurses Credentialing Center. (n.d.). Adult-gerontology acute care nurse practitioner certification (AGACNP-BC).
https://www.nursingworld.org/our-certifications/adult-gerontology-acute-care-nurse-practitioner/

National Center for Health Statistics. (2020). International classification of diseases, tenth revision, clinical modification (ICD-10-CM). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/icd10cm.htm

Document: iHuman Directions and Required Management Template (Word document)

Immunization Recommendations
Immunization recommendations vary with age brackets intending to boost immunity and prevent illness. Children receive immunization to prevent illnesses that can compromise their health (Wodi et al., 2021). For example, children receive the BCG vaccine to prevent tuberculosis. Other vaccines for children prevent chickenpox, measles, diphtheria, polio, and Hepatitis A and B (Freedman et al., 2020). Adults may receive a repeat of the immunization to ensure the body has sufficient immunity to fight against diseases such as measles. For instance, tetanus and diphtheria require additional vaccination to update the body’s immunity. In some cases, adults may be vaccinated to prevent infections among people working in high-risk areas such as hospitals. For instance, mumps and measles vaccination is recommended among healthcare workers.
Children above 11 years will immunization against tetanus, influenza, HPV, and meningococcal disease. Young adults above 25 years can receive the Tdap vaccine to prevent whooping cough. Other vaccines essential for adults below 64 years include shingles vaccine, flu, and pneumococcal vaccine (Radey et al., 2020). Adults above 65 years should still get a vaccination against tetanus, pneumonia, influenza, and diphtheria (Radey et al., 2020). In recent times, individuals of all ages are encouraged to get a Covid-19 vaccination.
People who are immunocompromised will require vaccination against different conditions. A healthcare worker can recommend additional doses to boost immunity. A regular evaluation of the immunity level is essential to ensure an appropriate immunization schedule (Freedman et al., 2020). Patients under immunosuppressive therapy should get extra doses to prevent the risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. In some cases, a physician can delay immunosuppressive therapy to avoid the risk of adverse health outcomes (Radey et al., 2020). Appropriate interventions are essential for individuals in different age brackets to facilitate effective immune responses against infections.

References
Freedman, M. S., Hunter, P., Ault, K., & Kroger, A. (2020). Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended immunization schedule for adults aged 19 years or older—United States, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(5), 133.
Radey, R., Mohammed, E., & Ahmed, M. (2020). Intrabursal immunization as a possible route to overcome immunosuppression due to maternal antibodies. SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 3(1), 1-9.
Wodi, A. P., Ault, K., Hunter, P., McNally, V., Szilagyi, P. G., & Bernstein, H. (2021). Advisory committee on immunization practices recommended immunization schedule for children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger—United States, 2021. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70(6), 189.

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