Posted: March 1st, 2023

UMUC BIOL103 LAB 4

LAB 4 

1. Answer
the following questions:
a. List four cell structures that are common to
both plant and animal cells. (4 points)
b. What
structures are unique to plant cells? (2 points)
c. What
structures are unique to animal cells? (2 points)

2. List
five structures observed in the cell images and provide the function of each
structure. (5 points)

3.
William is observing a single-celled organism under a microscope and notices
that it has a nucleus and is covered in small, hair-like structures.

A.
Provide a probable name for this organism (1 point)

B.
Explain why William came to this conclusion. (2 points)
4. Where
in the cell are the chloroplasts located? (5 points)

5. In the
Spirogyra cells observed on the virtual microscope, about how many circular
green chloroplasts were seen in a single cell at 40X magnification? (2 points)

6. What
were the percent differences between the volumes of the potatoes in the osmosis
experiment for each salt solution? (8 points)

7. What
extraneous variables might have affected how the results came out in the
osmosis experiment? Describe three. (6 points)

8. In
osmosis, which direction does water move with respect to solute concentration?
(2 points)

9. Answer
the following questions:

a. Explain what would happen to a freshwater unicellular
organism if it were suddenly released into a saltwater environment. Use the
terms isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic in the answer. (3 points)

b. What would happen if a marine organism were
placed in freshwater? (3 points)

10. A
student purchases and weighs 5 pounds of carrots from a local grocery store.
She notices that the grocery store constantly sprays its produce with distilled
water. After returning home, she weighs the carrots again and discovers that
they weigh only 4.2 lbs. They also no longer seem as crisp and taut. Provide a
possible explanation for why the carrots weighed more at the store, based on
the information learned in this lab. (5 points)

11.
People always say that leeches can be removed from the body by pouring salt on
them. Based on what the student learned about osmosis, provide an explanation
that supports or refutes this information. (5 points)

12. What is the rate of diffusion for the potato
cubes from the surface-to-volume experiment (procedure 3b)? (6 points)

13.
Assume the potato cubes are cells. Which cube would be most efficient at moving
materials into and out of the cube? Briefly explain the answer. (4 points)

14. From
what was observed in the potato procedure, how do the rate of diffusion and
surface-to-volume ratio limit cell size? (5 points)

15. One
night, Hans decides to cook a hamburger and spaghetti with meatballs. To test
ideas of surface-to-volume ratios, he makes a quarter pound hamburger and a
quarter pound meatball and cooks them at the same temperature. Which food item
will cook the fastest and why? (5 points)
16. While
watching a special on animals, Brianna discovers that hares tend to lose heat
through their ears. Based on this and what is known about surface-to-volume
ratios, propose an explanation as to why hares that live in hot climates (such
as the desert) have large, extended ears. (5 points)

17.
(Application) How might the information gained from this lab pertaining to cell
structures and diffusion be useful to a student employed in a healthcare
related profession? (20 points)

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