Posted: February 1st, 2023

Research Paper, academic document, writing homework help

Question description

Select a major event that occurred during the last 100 years and that resulted in a major loss of life. The event may have been a fire, civil unrest or rioting, natural disaster, terrorism or any number of other kinds of events. Describe in an eight- to ten-page paper what happened and any significant contributing factors. Assignment help – Discuss the impact of the event on the field of public safety and how it influenced the development of codes, practices, beliefs, and research.Introduction: 
As a university student you have likely written research papers for some
of your classes.  A research paper is a
specific type of academic document for which there are conventions, standards,
and expectations. 
In the past,
most university courses and programs were in purely academic disciplines (e.g.
English, Chemistry, History). 
Increasingly, however, universities also offer courses and degree programs
in practitioner disciplines.  A practitioner discipline is one in which the
subject matter being studied is knowledge of, and the ability to work in, a
specific profession.  Practitioner
disciplines cover a wide range of professions, from engineering and
environmental science to homeland security, law enforcement, and the management
of fire and rescue services.
Research
papers are of particular importance in practitioner disciplines because they
often provide a bridge between the purely academic research and the application
of that research in actual practice.  This
poses certain challenges to you as the writer of such a paper; you have to
interpret the results of academic research and determine whether and to what
extent those results tell something about the profession. 
Courses in
practitioner disciplines are designed and taught exactly like courses that are more
academic in nature: there are required readings, assignments, exercises, and so
on.  This means that research papers are
very often required, particularly in more advanced (300- and 400-level)
courses.  There are, however, some
special considerations that a student must keep in mind when writing a research
paper for such a course. 
Audience
Homework help – Writers are
always encouraged to consider the audience
for a written document.  In the case
of a purely academic research paper, the audience is likely to be a professor
(or a group of professors) specializing in the academic discipline.  This means the writer can be confident that
the audience will be familiar with the main principles and bodies of literature
and research within the discipline; this audience will also have a deep
understanding of research methodologies and techniques. 
In a
practitioner discipline, however, the concept of audience may need to be
broadened.  You may be asked, for
example, to consider the possibility of a more general audience for the
research paper.  For example, your
potential audience may include people who are professionals in the field but who
do not necessarily have advanced academic degrees or training.  This means they may know a great deal about
the profession but not about the academic basis for some aspects of the
profession.
Think of
engineering, for example.  A person who
received a bachelor’s degree in engineering and who is now working as an
engineer probably understands the principles of engineering quite well.  However, he or she may not be aware of the
research being conducted by professors of engineering at various colleges and universities
or in large private sector organizations, nor of how the knowledge created by
that research is transferred out to the professional at large. 
For this
reason, audience analysis is an especially important first step in the process
of writing a practitioner discipline research paper. 
Sources
In your
academic writing you have undoubtedly used sources such as books and articles
in academic journals.  In writing for a
practitioner discipline, you will continue to use such sources.  You will also, though, sometimes use sources
that are more professional than purely academic in nature.  For example, in the field of emergency
management a writer may consult an academic journal such as The American Journal of Emergency Medicine,
as well as a more professional source such as the website of the Federal
Emergency Management Administration (FEMA). 

It is
important to remember that there are differences between these types of
sources.  An academic journal typically
reports on research that has been conducted according to strict standards of
oversight.  Further, the material
published in an academic journal has been peer-reviewed;
that is, before publication it has been reviewed by other researchers and
specialists to ensure the research methodology is sound and the results are
reasonably accurate.
By contrast,
material published for professional purposes may be more descriptive in nature; that it, it may relate real-world
experiences in the field rather than purely academic research into a
problem.  Also, professional material is
unlikely to have gone through the peer-review process.  This does not mean that the
information is necessarily unreliable; it does mean, though, that you must be
careful when drawing conclusions from specific information to broader, more
general situations (see Guidelines for
Analytical Reading in the Course Content area).
Topic
One of the
most challenging parts of writing a good research paper in a practitioner
discipline is the selection of an appropriate topic.  This is especially important given the very
large amounts of information, both academic and professional, that may be
available in a given subject area. 
Ideally, your topic will be broad enough to allow you to use a variety
of sources in your research, while specific enough for you to be able to frame
an argument or an assertion about it.
Let’s
consider an example.  Suppose you are
writing a paper for an environmental management class, and your instructor
would like you to tackle the issue of the agricultural and horticultural uses
of biosolids such as sewage sludge.  It’s
tempting, at this point, to title your paper “The Agricultural and
Horticultural Uses of Biosolids.”  If you
do that, though, you’re going to run into trouble during your research; there
is so much information available that you’ll likely be overwhelmed.  Besides, even if you managed to get through
all that information your paper would still be largely descriptive (you’ll just be describing the uses of biosolids in
those situations) rather than analytical
in nature.
Instead,
suppose you look at the topic and try to narrow it down a bit.  For instance, are there any important
differences between fertilization practices in agriculture and horticulture?  A little bit of research will tell you that
there most certainly are differences, given that the end products of
agriculture are intended for human consumption. 
You can now focus your research a bit on any aspects of biosolids that
relate to human health.  It won’t take
you long to discover that there is quite a bit research on health-related
issues with biosolids; for example, you’ll find a number of articles on
research into the presence of heavy metals such as cadmium in sewage
sludge. 
At this
point, you’ve refined your topic to something like “Health and Safety Issues in
the Agricultural and Horticultural Uses of Biosolids.”  This is a more manageable topic in that you
can use the research you find to draw a distinction between agricultural and
horticultural uses of the substances. 
You can continue refining your topic based on your research and on the
particular curriculum of your course, e.g. “The Need for Regulation of
Biosolids Usage in Agriculture,” or perhaps “Guidelines for Handling Biosolids
in the Management of Public Lands.” 
A refined,
well focused topic not only aids you in evaluating and using your research but
also helps ensure that you can write a paper that meets the expectations of
length, number of sources, and so on.
Presentation: 
Like all research papers in university courses, those in practitioner
disciplines are expected to follow the formatting requirements of a particular
style guide such as that of the American Psychological Association (Help write my thesis – APA).  The style guidelines cover not only the
structure of your manuscript but also the format for citing sources. 
If you are
asked to use the Help write my thesis – APA format then, as a general rule, your paper should consist
of the following four elements:
1.  The Title Page.  The title page of your paper has three parts:
· 
The
running head, which is an abbreviated version of your paper’s title (for
example, if your paper is entitled “Alien Abduction as an Emerging Human
Resources Issue” your running head could be “Alien Abduction”).  The running head should be placed in the
upper left-hand corner of your title page. 
Note: the running head should also appear in the upper left-hand corner
of every page of your paper, opposite the page number (see below);
· 
The
full title of the paper, which should be centered on the page; and
· 
Your
name, and either the institution’s name or (if requested by your instructor)
the course number.
2.  The Abstract.  The abstract is a short (no more than 120
words) summary of your paper.  The
abstract should be by itself on page 2 of your paper (remember to include the
running head in the upper left-hand corner before the page number). 
3.  The Body of the paper.  In a practitioner paper this section should
include an Introduction that
describes the question or problem being studied; a description of the research
that you reviewed, and a Assignment help – Discussion of how the research informs a
resolution of the question or problem. On the first page of the body (usually
page 3 of your paper) put the full title at the top of the page (centered and
two lines below the running head/page number). 
The title should be double-spaced from the first line of your first
paragraph.  On every page of the body
include the running head in the upper left-hand corner and the page number in
the upper right-hand corner.
  4. 
The References Page(s). 
Here you will list all the various books, articles, web pages, and other
sources that you cited in your paper. 
This page (or these pages) should also have the running head in the
upper-left and page number in the upper right-hand corner.
The sources
you use in your paper generally must be cited in two ways:
1.  Parenthetical Citation.  This is citation of the source in the text
of your paper where the idea, passage, or direct quote is introduced.  Help write my thesis – APA parenthetical citation normally consists
of three items:
· 
The
author’s last name;
· 
The
year of publication of the source document; and
· 
The
page number (if you are citing a specific passage in the source document) or
paragraph number when a work is not paginated.
Let’s say
that, in the body of your paper, you wish to paraphrase a statement made on
page 117 of Bernadette Macey’s 1999 book The Role of Abnormal Psychology in
Organizational Theory.  The
parenthetical citation, which would appear right after your paraphrase, would
probably look like this:  (Macey, 1999,
p. 117). 
2.  Reference Citation. Reference
citations are those that appear on the References page(s) of your paper.  These citations require a bit more
information; the general elements are:
· 
The
author’s last name and initial of first name;
· 
The
date of publication;
· 
The
title of the author’s specific work;
· 
The
journal, book, or other source document (if the work you are citing is part of
a larger document); and
· 
The
publication information.
In our
example from above, Macey’s book would appear on the References page as
follows:
Macey, B. (1999).  The
Role of Abnormal Psychology in Organizational Theory.  Baltimore, MD: Maryland
University Press.
Please note
that these items can vary considerably depending upon the type of source
document.  This is especially true of
documents obtained electronically.  You
can view some examples of the Help write my thesis – APA citation for different types of sources on
UMUC’s Library website at
https://monkessays.com/write-my-essay/umuc.edu/library/libhow/citationresources.cfm#apa.
Conclusion: 
Research papers in practitioner disciplines are very similar to those in
more purely academic areas.  When
preparing such a paper it is worth paying special attention to the audience for
the paper, the sources you will use in your research, and the need to have a
suitable, well-focused topic for the paper.

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